United Arab Emirates
The United Arab Emirates (UAE; Arabic: دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة Dawlat al-Imārāt al-'Arabīyah al-Muttaḥidah), sometimes simply called the Emirates (Arabic: الإمارات al-Imārāt), is a federal absolute monarchy sovereign state in Western Asia at the southeast end of the Arabian Peninsula on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman to the east and Saudi Arabia to the south, as well as sharing maritime borders with Qatar to the west and Iran to the north. In 2013, the UAE's population was 9.2 million, of which 1.4 million are Emirati citizens and 7.8 million are expatriates. The country is a federation of seven emirates consisting of Abu Dhabi (which serves as the capital), Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras al-Khaimah, Sharjah and Umm al-Quwain. Each emirate is governed by an absolute monarch; together, they jointly form the Federal Supreme Council. One of the monarchs (traditionally always the Emir of Abu Dhabi) is selected as the President of the United Arab Emirates.The territory of the present United Arab Emirates dates back to 6000 BC during the Neolithic Age and the Bronze Age. Prior to Islamisation of the Arabian Peninsula to the 16th century, Umm al-Nar cultures dominated the area before it was conquered by the Portuguese, Dutch and the British Empires. Under British rule, seven emirates had ruled by the Trucial Coast under Persian Gulf Residency of India until 1947 as a protectorate. Facing pressure from the British government in 1968, the Trucial States was dissolved and six of seven emirates had formed the United Arab Emirates on 2 December 1971, with Ras al-Khaimah joining the federation in 1972.Islam is the official religion and Arabic is the official language of the UAE. The UAE's oil reserves are the seventh-largest in the world while its natural gas reserves are the world's seventeenth-largest. Sheikh Zayed, ruler of Abu Dhabi and the first President of the UAE, oversaw the development of the Emirates and steered oil revenues into healthcare, education and infrastructure. The UAE's economy is the most diversified in the Gulf Cooperation Council, while its most populous city of Dubai is an important global city and an international aviation hub. Nevertheless, the country is much less reliant on oil and gas than in previous years and is economically focusing on tourism and business.
The UAE's rising international profile has led some analysts to identify it as a regional and middle power. It is a member of the United Nations, the Arab League, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, OPEC, the Non-Aligned Movement and the Gulf Cooperation Council.
Scientists
The country has 3 scientists who conduct research in the field of Wikipedia Quality.
